To do this
requires the co-operation of minds of various orders, quite akin
in their relations to those necessary in a mine or great
manufacturing establishment. Laborers whose duties are in a large
measure matters of routine must be guided by the skill of a class
higher in quality and smaller in number than their own, and these
again by the technical knowledge of leaders in research. Between
these extremes we have a great variety of systems of co-operation.
There is another feature of modern research the apprehension of
which is necessary to the completeness of our view. A cursory
survey of the field of science conveys the impression that it
embraces only a constantly increasing number of disconnected
specialties, in which each cultivator knows little or nothing of
what is being done by others. Measured by its bulk, the published
mass of scientific research is increasing in a more than
geometrical ratio. Not only do the publications of nearly every
scientific society increase in number and volume, but new and
vigorous societies are constantly organized to add to the sum
total. The stately quartos issued from the presses of the leading
academies of Europe are, in most cases, to be counted by hundreds.
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